US Air Force takes artificial intelligence off the ground with new drone
The XQ-58A Valkyrie experimental aircraft marks a revolution in the use of artificial intelligence in aerial combat, bringing new dynamics and dilemmas to the military industry
Photo: XQ-58A Valkyrie: US Air Force experimental aircraft (XQ-58A Valkyrie/Reproduction)
The XQ-58A Valkyrie, an experimental aircraft developed by the United States Air Force, is making waves in the skies by taking military operations' artificial intelligence (AI) to new heights.
With the ability to cross Brazil without refueling, this unmanned aircraft is seen as an extension of traditional fighter jets, enabling human pilots to be assisted by a fleet of “robotic companions” in combat situations.
The Valkyrie project originates from the Eglin Air Force Base in the state of Florida, USA. It not only illustrates how emerging technologies are reshaping the US arms industry but also underscores the Pentagon's pursuit of innovation. The rise of AI is driving a new generation of Pentagon suppliers aiming to revolutionize the domain traditionally dominated by major military equipment providers.
The potential to build intelligent and relatively affordable armaments in large quantities has led to the consideration of new combat tactics, which in turn raises questions about the human role in conflicts mediated by software designed to eliminate targets.
Simultaneously, there's a technological race with China for supremacy in modernity and reliability of military equipment.
In this scenario, the new generation of collaborative drones, classified as collaborative combat aircraft (C.C.A.), plays a vital role.
The concept involves having a variety of specialized drones similar to the XQ-58A Valkyrie. Some will focus on surveillance or refueling missions, some will fly in attack swarms, and others will serve as a “loyal wingman” to a human pilot.
For instance, drones could fly ahead of piloted combat aircraft, conducting surveillance. They could also play a significant role in neutralizing enemy air defenses, taking on the risks of destroying ground-based missile targets that might be considered dangerous for a human-piloted plane.
The cost of the most advanced of these robotic drones is estimated to be around $25 million, significantly lower than a manned fighter jet like the F-35, which costs $80 million per unit.
However, as reported by The New York Times, Air Force officials are well aware of the challenges and responsibilities associated with implementing AI in military operations. Ethical and security issues are central to the development of these systems.
Changes are also expected in the traditional Pentagon acquisition structure. Instead of acquiring hardware and software as a single package, the idea is to separate these purchases, creating room for companies focused on software.
Significant challenges lie ahead. Software reliability, building trust with pilots, and protection against potential cyberattacks are key areas of focus. Nonetheless, initial tests have shown promising results.
